12 Lecture

1. Which of the following is a primary application of a comparator? a. Digital signal processing b. Analog signal processing c. Audio signal amplification d. None of the above

Answer: a

2. Which of the following is not a type of comparator? a. Voltage comparator b. Current comparator c. Phase comparator d. Time comparator

Answer: c

3. Which of the following is true about an ideal comparator? a. It has infinite gain b. It has zero offset voltage c. It has infinite bandwidth d. All of the above

Answer: d

4. Which of the following is a common type of output for a comparator? a. Pulse width modulated signal b. Analog signal c. Digital signal d. Sine wave

Answer: c

5. Which of the following is not a factor to consider when selecting a comparator? a. Power consumption b. Supply voltage c. Input offset voltage d. Operating temperature

Answer: d

6. What is the function of a hysteresis circuit in a comparator? a. To reduce noise b. To provide a fixed reference voltage c. To increase the gain d. To amplify the output signal

Answer: a

7. Which of the following is not a common comparator input configuration? a. Inverting b. Non-inverting c. Differential d. Single-ended

Answer: d

8. What is the output state of a comparator if the input voltages are equal? a. High b. Low c. Depends on the type of comparator d. Indeterminate

Answer: d

9. Which of the following is not a type of comparator output stage? a. Open-drain b. Push-pull c. Source-follower d. None of the above

Answer: d

10. Which of the following is a benefit of using a comparator in a control system? a. High precision and accuracy b. Low power consumption c. High gain d. All of the above

Answer: a

1. What is a comparator and what is its primary function? Answer: A comparator is a digital circuit that compares two input signals and determines their relationship, typically whether one signal is greater than, equal to, or less than the other. Its primary function is to provide a high or low output signal based on the comparison of the input signals.

2. What are the key parameters to consider when selecting a comparator? Answer: The key parameters to consider when selecting a comparator are power consumption, supply voltage, input offset voltage, response time, and operating temperature.

3. What is a hysteresis circuit and what is its function in a comparator? Answer: A hysteresis circuit is a feedback mechanism that provides positive feedback to the comparator. Its function is to reduce noise and increase the stability of the output signal.

4. What is the difference between an inverting and a non-inverting comparator input configuration? Answer: In an inverting input configuration, the input signal is applied to the inverting input of the comparator. In a non-inverting input configuration, the input signal is applied to the non-inverting input of the comparator. The output of an inverting comparator is opposite in polarity to the input signal, while the output of a non-inverting comparator is in the same polarity as the input signal.

5. How does a comparator differ from an operational amplifier? Answer: A comparator is designed to compare two input signals and provide a high or low output signal based on the comparison, while an operational amplifier is designed to amplify and condition an input signal.

6. What is the function of a comparator output stage? Answer: The function of a comparator output stage is to provide the output signal with sufficient drive capability to operate downstream components.

7. What is the difference between a single-ended and a differential comparator input configuration? Answer: In a single-ended input configuration, the input signal is applied to one input of the comparator, while in a differential input configuration, the input signals are applied to both inputs of the comparator.

8. What is input offset voltage and how does it affect comparator performance? Answer: Input offset voltage is the voltage difference between the two input terminals of the comparator. It can cause errors in the output signal and reduce the accuracy of the comparator.

9. What is a Schmitt trigger and how does it differ from a standard comparator? Answer: A Schmitt trigger is a comparator with hysteresis, which provides a stable output signal even in the presence of noise or other disturbances. It differs from a standard comparator in that it has two different threshold voltages for its input signal.

10. What is the function of a comparator in a control system? Answer: The function of a comparator in a control system is to compare the actual output signal with a reference signal and generate an error signal that drives the system towards the desired output signal.

A comparator is a digital circuit that compares two input signals and provides a high or low output signal based on their comparison. It is commonly used in applications such as digital-to-analog converters, voltage regulators, and control systems. Key parameters to consider when selecting a comparator include power consumption, supply voltage, input offset voltage, response time, and operating temperature. Input offset voltage, in particular, can cause errors in the output signal and reduce the accuracy of the comparator. Hysteresis is a feedback mechanism used in comparators to reduce noise and increase the stability of the output signal. The hysteresis circuit provides positive feedback to the comparator, allowing it to ignore small fluctuations in the input signal. There are two primary input configurations for comparators: inverting and non-inverting. In an inverting input configuration, the input signal is applied to the inverting input of the comparator. In a non-inverting input configuration, the input signal is applied to the non-inverting input of the comparator. The output of an inverting comparator is opposite in polarity to the input signal, while the output of a non-inverting comparator is in the same polarity as the input signal. A comparator output stage is designed to provide the output signal with sufficient drive capability to operate downstream components. There are also two primary input configurations for comparators: single-ended and differential. In a single-ended input configuration, the input signal is applied to one input of the comparator, while in a differential input configuration, the input signals are applied to both inputs of the comparator. A Schmitt trigger is a type of comparator with hysteresis that provides a stable output signal even in the presence of noise or other disturbances. It differs from a standard comparator in that it has two different threshold voltages for its input signal. Overall, comparators play a critical role in many electronic circuits and systems, providing the ability to compare and analyze signals for a wide range of applications.